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Versiones de Kubernetes

No necesitamos esto para el examen, pero vale la pena entenderlo para comprender el proyecto de Kubernetes como un todo.

Kubernetes está en constante evolución. ¿Qué sabemos hasta ahora sobre las versiones de API de Kubernetes?

  • Cuando instalamos Kubernetes, instalamos una versión específica de Kubernetes.
# En este caso tenemos la versión 1.27.4
kubectl get nodes
NAME                       STATUS   ROLES                  AGE    VERSION
k3d-k3s-default-server-0   Ready    control-plane,master   2d8h   v1.27.4+k3s1
k3d-k3s-default-agent-1    Ready    <none>                 2d8h   v1.27.4+k3s1
k3d-k3s-default-agent-0    Ready    <none>                 2d8h   v1.27.4+k3s1

La versión de Kubernetes se controla a través del versionado semántico.

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La primera versión major fue la v1.0 en julio de 2015 pero la primera versión estable fue la v1.13.0

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Suelen lanzar la versión alpha con las nuevas características desactivadas y después la versión beta con las características activadas y crean el release.

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Podemos encontrar los releases en [https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases]

Cuando descargamos uno de estos releases, ¿qué tenemos?

wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/archive/refs/tags/v1.28.5.zip
unzip v1.28.5.zip

ls -lha kubernetes-1.28.5/cmd
total 108K
drwxr-xr-x 26 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 .
drwxr-xr-x 18 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 david david  365 Dec 19 10:32 OWNERS
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 clicheck
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 cloud-controller-manager
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 dependencycheck
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 dependencyverifier
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 fieldnamedocscheck
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 gendocs
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 genkubedocs
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 genman
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 genswaggertypedocs
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 genutils
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 genyaml
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 importverifier
drwxr-xr-x  3 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 kube-apiserver #<<<
drwxr-xr-x  4 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 kube-controller-manager #<<<
drwxr-xr-x  3 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 kube-proxy #<<<
drwxr-xr-x  3 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 kube-scheduler #<<<
drwxr-xr-x  4 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 kubeadm
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 kubectl
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 kubectl-convert
drwxr-xr-x  3 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 kubelet #<<<
drwxr-xr-x  3 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 kubemark
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 preferredimports
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 prune-junit-xml
drwxr-xr-x  2 david david 4.0K Dec 19 10:32 yamlfmt

Tenemos todos los códigos que necesitamos pero vamos a prestar atención a esto.

Kubernetes es un proyecto que engloba otros proyectos. ¿Recuerdas que cAdvisor está presente en el Kubelet? ¿Recuerdas que se usa ETCD?

Observa que necesitamos CNI, CoreDNS, ETCD, cAdvisor, etc

El kube-apiserver, controller-manager, kube-scheduler, kubelet, kube-proxy kubectl están EN LA MISMA VERSIÓN porque son proyectos de Kubernetes, pero otros componentes están en versiones diferentes.

Otros proyectos poseen sus propios repositorios con sus versiones específicas.

cat  kubernetes-1.28.5/build/dependencies.yaml
dependencies:
  # zeitgeist (https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/zeitgeist) was inspired by
  # (and now replaces) the cmd/verifydependencies tool to verify external
  # dependencies across the repo.
  #
  # The zeitgeist dependencies.yaml file format is intended to be
  # backwards-compatible with the original tooling.
  #
  # In instances where the file format may change across versions, this meta
  # dependency check exists to ensure we're pinned to a known good version.
  #
  # ref: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/98845
  - name: "zeitgeist"
    version: "v0.2.0"
    refPaths:
    - path: hack/verify-external-dependencies-version.sh
      match: sigs.k8s.io/zeitgeist@v.*

  # CNI plugins
  - name: "cni"
    version: 1.2.0
    refPaths:
    - path: cluster/gce/config-common.sh
      match: WINDOWS_CNI_VERSION=
    - path: cluster/gce/gci/configure.sh
      match: DEFAULT_CNI_VERSION=
    - path: test/e2e_node/remote/utils.go
      match: cniVersion[\t\n\f\r ]*=

  # CoreDNS
  - name: "coredns-kube-up"
    version: 1.10.1
    refPaths:
    - path: cluster/addons/dns/coredns/coredns.yaml.base
      match: registry.k8s.io/coredns
    - path: cluster/addons/dns/coredns/coredns.yaml.in
      match: registry.k8s.io/coredns
    - path: cluster/addons/dns/coredns/coredns.yaml.sed
      match: registry.k8s.io/coredns

  - name: "coredns-kubeadm"
    version: 1.10.1
    refPaths:
    - path: cmd/kubeadm/app/constants/constants.go
      match: CoreDNSVersion =

  # CRI Tools
  - name: "crictl"
    version: 1.27.0
    refPaths:
    - path: cluster/gce/windows/k8s-node-setup.psm1
      match: CRICTL_VERSION =
    - path: cluster/gce/gci/configure.sh
      match: DEFAULT_CRICTL_VERSION=

  # protoc
  - name: "protoc"
    version: 23.4
    refPaths:
    - path: hack/lib/protoc.sh
      match: PROTOC_VERSION=

  # etcd
  - name: "etcd"
    version: 3.5.9
    refPaths:
    - path: cluster/gce/manifests/etcd.manifest
      match: etcd_docker_tag|etcd_version
    - path: cluster/gce/upgrade-aliases.sh
      match: ETCD_IMAGE|ETCD_VERSION
    - path: cmd/kubeadm/app/constants/constants.go
      match: DefaultEtcdVersion =
    - path: hack/lib/etcd.sh
      match: ETCD_VERSION=
    - path: staging/src/k8s.io/sample-apiserver/artifacts/example/deployment.yaml
      match: gcr.io/etcd-development/etcd
    - path: test/e2e/framework/providers/gcp.go
      match: const etcdImage
    - path: test/utils/image/manifest.go
      match: configs\[Etcd\] = Config{list\.GcEtcdRegistry, "etcd", "\d+\.\d+.\d+(-(alpha|beta|rc).\d+)?(-\d+)?"}

  - name: "etcd-image"
    version: 3.5.9
    refPaths:
    - path: cluster/images/etcd/Makefile
      match: BUNDLED_ETCD_VERSIONS\?|LATEST_ETCD_VERSION\?
    - path: cluster/images/etcd/migrate/options.go

  - name: "node-problem-detector"
    version: 0.8.13
    refPaths:
    - path: test/e2e_node/image_list.go
      match: const defaultImage
    - path: test/kubemark//docs/kubernetes/certifications/cka/cluster-maintenance/resources/hollow-node_template.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io/node-problem-detector/node-problem-detector
    - path: cluster/addons/node-problem-detector/npd.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io/node-problem-detector/node-problem-detector
    # TODO(dims): Ensure newer versions get uploaded to
    # - https://console.cloud.google.com/storage/browser/gke-release/winnode/node-problem-detector
    # - https://gcsweb.k8s.io/gcs/kubernetes-release/node-problem-detector/
    # and then the following references get fixed.
    #
    # - path: cluster/gce/gci/configure.sh
    #  match: DEFAULT_NPD_VERSION=
    #- path: cluster/gce/windows/k8s-node-setup.psm1
    #  match: DEFAULT_NPD_VERSION

  # From https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/blob/main/Makefile
  - name: "golang: etcd release version"
    version: 1.19.9 # https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/blob/main/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-3.5.md
    refPaths:
    - path: cluster/images/etcd/Makefile
      match: 'GOLANG_VERSION := \d+.\d+(alpha|beta|rc)?\.?(\d+)?'

  # Golang
  - name: "golang: upstream version"
    version: 1.20.12
    refPaths:
    - path: .go-version
    - path: build/build-image/cross/VERSION
    - path: staging/publishing/rules.yaml
      match: 'default-go-version\: \d+.\d+(alpha|beta|rc)?\.?(\d+)?'
    - path: test/images/Makefile
      match: GOLANG_VERSION=\d+.\d+(alpha|beta|rc)?\.?\d+

  # Golang pre-releases are denoted as `1.y<pre-release stage>`
  # Example: go1.16rc1
  #
  # This entry is a stub of the major version to allow dependency checks to
  # pass when building Kubernetes using a pre-release of Golang.
  - name: "golang: 1.<major>"
    version: 1.20
    refPaths:
    - path: build/build-image/cross/VERSION
    - path: hack/lib/golang.sh
      match: minimum_go_version=go([0-9]+\.[0-9]+)

  - name: "registry.k8s.io/kube-cross: dependents"
    version: v1.28.0-go1.20.12-bullseye.0
    refPaths:
    - path: build/build-image/cross/VERSION

  # Base images
  - name: "registry.k8s.io/debian-base: dependents"
    version: bookworm-v1.0.0
    refPaths:
    - path: cluster/images/etcd/Makefile
      match: BASEIMAGE\?\=registry\.k8s\.io\/build-image\/debian-base:[a-zA-Z]+\-v((([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)(?:-([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)
    - path: cluster/images/etcd/Makefile
      match: BASEIMAGE\?\=registry\.k8s\.io\/build-image\/debian-base-arm:[a-zA-Z]+\-v((([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)(?:-([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)
    - path: cluster/images/etcd/Makefile
      match: BASEIMAGE\?\=registry\.k8s\.io\/build-image\/debian-base-arm64:[a-zA-Z]+\-v((([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)(?:-([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)
    - path: cluster/images/etcd/Makefile
      match: BASEIMAGE\?\=registry\.k8s\.io\/build-image\/debian-base-ppc64le:[a-zA-Z]+\-v((([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)(?:-([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)
    - path: cluster/images/etcd/Makefile
      match: BASEIMAGE\?\=registry\.k8s\.io\/build-image\/debian-base-s390x:[a-zA-Z]+\-v((([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)(?:-([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)
    - path: test/conformance/image/Makefile
      match: BASE_IMAGE_VERSION\?=

  - name: "registry.k8s.io/distroless-iptables: dependents"
    version: v0.2.8
    refPaths:
    - path: build/common.sh
      match: __default_distroless_iptables_version=
    - path: test/utils/image/manifest.go
      match: configs\[DistrolessIptables\] = Config{list\.BuildImageRegistry, "distroless-iptables", "v([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)"}

  - name: "registry.k8s.io/go-runner: dependents"
    version: v2.3.1-go1.20.12-bullseye.0
    refPaths:
    - path: build/common.sh
      match: __default_go_runner_version=

  - name: "registry.k8s.io/pause"
    version: 3.9
    refPaths:
    - path: build/pause/Makefile
      match: TAG\s*\?=

  - name: "registry.k8s.io/pause: dependents"
    version: 3.9
    refPaths:
    - path: cluster/gce/config-common.sh
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: cluster/gce/gci/configure-helper.sh
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: cluster/gce/windows/smoke-test.sh
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: cmd/kubeadm/app/constants/constants.go
      match: PauseVersion\s+=
    - path: cmd/kubeadm/app/util/template_test.go
      match: validTmpl\s+=
    - path: cmd/kubeadm/app/util/template_test.go
      match: validTmplOut\s+=
    - path: cmd/kubeadm/app/util/template_test.go
      match: doNothing\s+=
    - path: cmd/kubelet/app/options/container_runtime.go
      match: defaultPodSandboxImageVersion\s+=
    - path: hack/testdata/pod-with-precision.json
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: staging/src/k8s.io/kubectl/testdata/set/multi-resource-yaml.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: staging/src/k8s.io/kubectl/testdata/set/namespaced-resource.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/cmd/core.sh
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/fixtures/pkg/kubectl/cmd/set/multi-resource-yaml.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/fixtures/pkg/kubectl/cmd/set/namespaced-resource.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/integration/benchmark-controller.json
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/integration/scheduler_perf/config/pod-default.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/integration/scheduler_perf/config/pod-with-node-affinity.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/integration/scheduler_perf/config/pod-with-pod-affinity.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/integration/scheduler_perf/config/pod-with-pod-anti-affinity.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/integration/scheduler_perf/config/pod-with-preferred-pod-affinity.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/integration/scheduler_perf/config/pod-with-preferred-pod-anti-affinity.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/integration/scheduler_perf/config/pod-with-preferred-topology-spreading.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/integration/scheduler_perf/config/pod-with-secret-volume.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/integration/scheduler_perf/config/pod-with-topology-spreading.yaml
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/utils/runners.go
      match: registry.k8s.io\/pause:\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/utils/image/manifest.go
      match: configs\[Pause\] = Config{list\.GcRegistry, "pause", "\d+\.\d+(.\d+)?"}

  - name: "registry.k8s.io/build-image/setcap: dependents"
    version: bookworm-v1.0.0
    refPaths:
    - path: build/common.sh
      match: __default_setcap_version=

  # cadvisor
  - name: "gcr.io/cadvisor/cadvisor: dependents"
    version: "v0.47.2"
    refPaths:
    - path: test/e2e_node/resource_collector.go
      match: gcr.io\/cadvisor\/cadvisor:v\d+\.\d+\.\d+
    - path: test/e2e_node/image_list.go
      mathc: gcr.io\/cadvisor\/cadvisor:v\d+\.\d+\.\d+

  # GCB docker gcloud image
  - name: "gcb-docker-gcloud: dependents"
    version: v20221007-69e0da97ef
    refPaths:
    - path: build/pause/cloudbuild.yaml
      match: gcr.io/k8s-staging-test-infra/gcb-docker-gcloud
    - path: cluster/images/etcd/cloudbuild.yaml
      match: gcr.io/k8s-staging-test-infra/gcb-docker-gcloud
    - path: test/images/cloudbuild.yaml
      match: gcr.io/k8s-staging-test-infra/gcb-docker-gcloud

Las versiones de Kubernetes deprecian algunas cosas y crean otras. Necesitamos estar atentos a esto porque pueden necesitar ajustes en los manifiestos.